The Muslims of the People of the Book (the Jews) and their impact on authority and opposition in the Prophet’s era and the era of the Caliphate

     The aim of the current research is to reveal the impact of the Muslims of the People of the Book (the Jews) in the authority and opposition within the Prophet and Rashidi eras by revealing the impact made by the Jews who entered Islam، whether during the era of the Messenger (peace be upon him) or during the era of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs، to know the extent of that the impact that the Muslims of the People of the Book had on the Jews and the statement of the position of the Muslims of the People of the Book on Islam and to clarify their impact; whether positive or negative. The importance of the topic lies in revealing the impact that the Jews carried out، whether it was during the era of the Messenger (peace be upon him) or during the era of the rightly-guided caliphs after him، under the cover of Islam، claiming their entry into it، especially their political and intellectual impact، trying to distort Islam، benefiting from the great tolerance that Islam holds، as well as their attempts to spread their ideological and intellectual poisons in it and their، to a large extent، success. The main objective of this study is to detect that effect، trying to alert to its presence and spreading intellectual awareness to avoid falling into the circulating ropes in the Islamic narratives and clarifying them. The current research relied on the historical، analytical and comparative method. The results of the research revealed that the Jews of the People of the Book played a major role in secret to achieve their goals through conspiracy، assassination، espionage، igniting revolutions، sedition، and others. This role that the Jews played in secret was no less dangerous than the role they played in public. Some Jews entered Islam to sow discord and establish secret alliances. They also spied on Muslims and Islam and transferred its teachings to the Jews. The Jews participated in the killing of Omar، Othman and Ali، and they also tried to assassinate the Noble Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in several ways، but they failed. In addition to spreading sedition، the Jews resorted to infiltrating Islamic thought، thus the haters of the People of the Book worked to spread their ideas among the various forces and parties to plot against Muslims. They، also worked to stir up contradictions within the Islamic community.