The position of Imam al-Sadiq and the imams of the four schools of thought regarding the revolutions

Several revolutions took place in the Islamic society after the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family, against the rulers and caliphs, and they increased and increased during the Umayyad and Abbasid period. Most of these revolutions were launched from an upper house, and their fires were quickly extinguished with a massacre taking place in them from the direction of the ruling court. What is important in the question that we have tried to reach during this research is the position of Imam al-Sadiq and the imams of the four schools of thought regarding these revolutions in the Islamic society. And after studying the sayings and opinions of Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, and the four imams, i.e. Abu Hanifa, al-Maliki, al-Shafi’i and Ibn Hanbal, we came to the conclusion that from the point of view of Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, and the imams of Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, standing in the face of the oppressor is permissible and even necessary, but it requires permission. By the infallible Imam, peace be upon him, but when we go back to the four schools of jurisprudence of the Sunnis, we see a brief difference between them in their ruling with the support of the revolutions. So we see Abu Hanifa standing in the face of darkness and helping and supporting the revolutionaries against the oppressors, even if his followers differ in his opinion, but all the schools of jurisprudence, especially the Hanbalis, we see them do not believe in this matter, but rather issue a fatwa against the prohibition of revolting against the ruler even if he is unjust. Accordingly, their positions on the Alawite revolutions and others in the Islamic society at that time appear to us. The Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, and his infallible sons, we see them supporting the revolutionaries if they do not deviate from the truth, and we see Abu Hanifa helping and supporting some of the rebels against the Umayyads and the Abbasids, unlike the three imams who did not see them have a firm stance in the revolutions. Rather, Ahmed bin Hanbal issued a fatwa that it is not permissible to rebel against the ruler and revolt against him. .