The Political Rights in the Iraqi Law and the Iranian Law

Human rights issues are among the issues that have given rise to much discussion. At the political and legal level in different stages of the history of nations. If the constitutions that are drawn up in countries as the supreme legal document, which are primarily political victory documents, take a legal framework through codifying them in the constitution, then they represent a victory for certain forces at the expense of other powers, and they are in the matter of rights and freedoms that do not depart from this framework or Description: In every political group, the ruling authority seeks to create a specific social situation in accordance with the prevailing political philosophy through the development of constitutional texts that are consistent with its ideas and orientations. Accordingly, talking about political freedoms and rights is a way for citizens to exercise their rights and freedoms, including political ones, and to affirm the popular will as the basis for the authority of the government. Also, the text on human rights and freedoms in the heart of the constitution is not sufficient, except to the extent that these rights and freedoms are observed, guaranteed and protected. It takes its scope in application, as instead of restricting power, it tended to restrict the freedom and rights of the individual. The research problem arises in the following question: What are the political rights of the individual according to the Iraqi constitution and the Iranian constitution? After the end of the World War and the resulting woes that affected all age groups and all social classes, the United Nations came to reformulate what was destroyed during the war, by restoring international cooperation to solve international issues of a social, economic, cultural, humanitarian and basic freedoms for all people without discrimination; As stated in Article 3 of the Charter of the United Nations of 1945 AD: “Achieving international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural and humanitarian form and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all people, absolutely without distinction as to sex, language or religion, and there is no discrimination between men and women.” In addition to Article 55 of the same charter, which states that:. The aim of this research lies in clarifying the most important human rights followed in the constitutions of the Iraqi and Iranian law and explaining how the citizen has many rights including the Iraqi constitution, and then moving to the statement of the most important human rights of the individual in the Iranian constitution and the statement of the most important political rights that are included in them Iranian constitution. The methodology of comparative research was followed in the statement of individual political rights in the Iraqi constitution and individual political rights in the Iranian constitution. Also, in this research, the descriptive analytical approach was followed to show the most important political rights declared in the framework of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights according to the Iraqi constitution. Iranian.