Administrative and constitutional organization of the powers of the Council of Ministers A comparative study between Iraq and Lebanon Constitution 2005

        In fact, the supreme executive authority represented by the Council of Ministers is the main axis around which it revolves. The Ministerial Council is one of the pillars of the parliamentary system. It consists of the Prime Minister and ministers and forms a self-contained unit. It plays an important role in determining and implementing the general policy of the state, in addition to what It is entrusted with preserving state security and the rights of citizens, and directing the work of ministers and public interests, and the manner of the cabinet’s formation often affects the extent of the powers it enjoys, and the method of forming the Council of Ministers is affected by the extent to which the state adopts the manifestations of the parliamentary system, and there are several applications of the executive duality, in Britain Germany is an unequal executive duality in favor of the government, as well as the situation in Egypt, Lebanon and Iraq, and in Jordan and Kuwait an unequal executive duality in favor of the king or the emir. If the legislative authority consists of members of Parliament, the executive authority consists of all employees who are responsible for implementing laws It includes the head of state, ministers, and employees of all levels and degrees. It is noticeable that the number of ministries in most countries of the world has increased to unprecedented numbers. It may be due to two reasons, including the political considerations imposed by the political reality of the state, such as the quota system and sectarian participation in governments, and the other is due to the multiplicity of services provided by states to their citizens, and we often see that there are some institutions and bodies that have turned into ministries in the belief that they organize the work of those bodies or institutions. From this point of view came the necessity to study the administrative and constitutional organization of the powers of the Council of Ministers to shed light on those competencies and to know the extent of their constitutional attribution, restriction, powers and the conditions to be met for assuming the position of Prime Minister and the membership of ministers, in addition to the necessity of presenting the time periods for their parliamentary session and its end times, and accordingly we divided the study into three Chapters. In the first chapter, we discussed concepts and colleges. We divided it into two sections: the first topic to explain the concepts, and the second topic was the colleges. In the second chapter, we presented the development of the constitutional position of the Prime Minister in Iraq and Lebanon, and divided it into two sections: the first topic: the emergence of the constitutional center of the Prime Minister in Iraq, and the second topic, the establishment of a position The Prime Minister in Lebanon. As for the third chapter, we referred to the mechanisms for selecting the Prime Minister in Iraq and Lebanon, and we divided it into two sections. The first section is the mechanisms for selecting the Prime Minister, and the second topic is the constitutional powers of the Prime Minister in Iraq and Lebanon. Then, we concluded the letter with several results. We reached it during our studies and a number of recommendations that we hope to take, and we ask God to grant death yq.