Tashayyo in Khouzestan from the fourth century to the beginning of safavid era

The development of Shi’a thought outside the Saudi Arabia Peninsula and Iraq was under the influence of multiple factors, including the immigration of the Shi’a Muslims to other places. Besides, their confrontation with the Abbasid and Omavid Caliphs sped up this immigration process. As to the entrance of Shi’a in Iran, we can say that the Shi’a thought first affected the areas near Iraq.Although the natural  passages of the western part of Iran plateau were among the main routes for the entrance of Shi’a in  Iran,  the velayät of Khouzestan (a territory  under the rule of a Väli or ruler)were so important that made this land the first resort of the Alavis who were sued by the ruling Caliphs. Therefore, we can regard Khouzestan the gate of Shi’a entrance to Iran. Studying the backgrounds of this event indicates that the strategic location of Khouzestan and the multiple connections it had with Iraq, which then was the  main Shi’a Muslims resort, made it possible for the residents of the area to be acquainted with the Shi’a thought. Moreover,  the socio-historical background of this land which was behind the the dissatisfaction of this area’s residents with the Caliphs , enhanced the advent and spread of Shi’a thought in Khouzestan. In additiosn to all these factors, the immigration of the followers of the Shi’a Imams  and the Hadith narrators (people wrote and quoted the sayings of the Imams) to Khouzestan,  and the connection between the residents of this land with the Imams [Imam Reza peace be upon him once attended this area], and the exile of Shi’a families to Khouzestan which led to the formation of the first centers of Shi’a governments, played a signifacant role in the spreading of Shi’a thought which cannot go unnoticed. Khouzestan is among the regions whose strategic geographic location -neighboring Medina and Kufah, the main residentials of the Imams- provided auspicious conditions for the development and spread of Tashayyo'[Shi’a Ideology]. Keeping these facts in mind, it seems necessary for the experts of Tashayyo history to study this subject extensively.  The present study seeks such a purpose.