Women’s assigned role and enacted role of the beginning of Islam development until year 660 (40th Hegira)

Islamic society has established on the basis of divine training and prophetic tradition. Destruction of ignorance system and development of culture were the important results of Islam’s advent and its extension. A wide range of cultural events has brought fundamental changes in attitudes regarding women. Releasing women from social isolation and promoting their status in cultural discourse of Islam and their entrance in the influential fields of society were followed by a set of social and individual roles. The aim of present thesis is observation, explication and description of this set. Divine doctrines in Quran and Hadiths Qudsi’s standards granted some assigned roles which follows expectations from sacred ruler and holy Prophet. In addition to these granted roles, Muslim women in social environment as obedient of circumstances of Islamic society, religions’ profounders and exegetes have played numerous roles in society, which are called accomplished enacted roles in this thesis. Therefore, the main concern of this study is to find the assigned role and enacted role of women from Islam’s birth to the end of Imam Ali’s (peace on him) caliphate. This has been accomplished through analytical-descriptive method and collecting historical- narrative and anecdotal propositions gathered from library resources. The extent of the issue and achievement of all assigned and enacted roles in all aspects is the main concern of the thesis. Hence women’s role in social context is the main subject of historical sociological studies, so that the scope is limited. It is hypothesized that the assigned role of woman in different contexts of individual and social has been provided in Quran’s verses and narratives, but their realization depends on different and numerous factors, which this study tries to find them. The results showed that at the time of the Prophet (May Allah bless him and his family)with the changes in social infrastructure, women especially women of reference accomplished many of the assigned roles, and during the era of caliphs, due to present limitations only Fatima (Peace be upon them) and some women played a key role in society, during caliphate of Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (peace on him) women from both sides put enormous impacts on the community.