The Assessment of the Renewal of Ibadīyah of Oman in the Contemporary Era, with Emphasis on the Reconstruction of Theoretical Foundations and Religious Institutions

The contemporary era should be called the age of fundamental changes in the field of thought and foreign realities. As the tremendous transformations in the outside world have occurred, the realm of mind and the field of thought have witnessed various developments. One of the currents in the Islamic world is the Ibadīyah, which, despite the small population and its geographic extent, has been able to survive with renewal and reconstruction. In this thesis, using the first-hand resources and the content analysis method, the historical history of the current process in Oman is described. Then their theological and jurisprudential domains have been identified. Ibadīyah is closer to Sunni jurisprudence than Shi’a, hence, the new structure they introduce for inference, is similar to sources of Sunni inference and following that, the jurisprudence of Ibadīyah will be similar to Sunni jurisprudence. Ibadīyah’s jurisprudence has passed from six periodical stages and in recent era has decided to rebuild and facilitate its jurisprudence principles. Contemporary Ibadīyah is committed to enriching the jurisprudence by connecting with affiliated sciences, as well as focusing on the goals of the Shari’a, and seeking to reconcile jurisprudence with the realities. Ibadīyah’s view of pontificate is a secular view and, despite the fact that they consider the quadruple stages of the advent, defense, purchase and reservation for it, but in the contemporary period in the Ibadīyah neighborhoods of Oman, the caliphate has been replaced by it and Mufti has been placed under the category of minister in the government. Ibadīyah has always been faced with charges such as assignment to the Khawarij, aversion from the Companions and violent attitude with regard to his origin, with which it seriously confronted, and negated his attribution to the Khawarij, raised a positive attitude towards the Companions and promoted the morale of peace and mediation. Since 1970, Ibadīyah has been able to reconstruct and rebuild itself by organizing its religious institutions in the form of four departments of Ministry of Education, Higher Education, Heritage and Culture, Endowments and Religious Affairs and establish friendly relations with Sunnite and Shi’a and find a new and good position in Islamic world.