The components of the Islamic state in the era of the Prophet(peace be upon him) A study in the light of the Qur’an and the approach of rhetoric

The existence of government, leadership, and laws are essential to life regardless of the form and type, some systems and laws are superior to others. As the Lord of the heavens has proposed a unified political and governmental system. And it has legislated what a government needs to run its political system, in such a way that the heavenly goals (based on justice and social balance) are in line with the absolute goal of man in life, which is to have a free, stable and safe life according to the surrounding conditions and The prevailing and urgent social situations must be realized. In addition, from the point of view of Islam, this government should have special components that help the success, continuity and stability of the government in all aspects, both at the security level and at the political level. And this is the issue that our thesis is looking for (Elements of the success of the Islamic State in the era of the Prophet (PBUH)), a research in the light of the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balagha. For several reasons, we have chosen to examine this issue in the light of the Holy Qur’an and Nahj al-Balagha. On the one hand, Imam Ali is the translator of the Holy Quran, and on the other hand, Imam Ali had the experience of living in the political conditions and administration of the government during the time of the Prophet. And also, he embodied the features of the Islamic government in his caliphate, and this is what is stated in the letters, wills and rulings of Nahj al-Balagha. In this research, the researcher used the inductive and descriptive method at some times, and at other times the analytical method according to what is stated in the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balagha about the success factors of the government in the era of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did. This requires a special effort during the research. So that we can achieve our desired goals from this study, especially in the administrative, legal, political, security, economic and social dimensions of the present era.The results of the research showed that many anarchies in the administration of governments and unjust laws are a situation that is far from social justice in most cases due to the lack of most of these components. which leads to security, economic and other political, social and administrative issues, legislative and legal institutions and the like. Contrary to the purpose of the divine mission in general and Islamic law in particular, it causes the spread of injustice, oppression and political corruption.