A Comparative study of Thomas Aquinas and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, assessment the methodology and efficacy of their theologies

The use of the philosophical method and its effectiveness in Theology and Kalām has always been a subject of debate among Muslim and Christian theologians. Thomas Aquinas and  Nasir al-Din Tusi are Contemporary Theologians who have found a similar approach to the influence of Ibn Sina’s philosophy by using arguments in the explanation and theological defense of religion, they have come up with a similar approach that can be termed revealed and rational’s Kalām. This comparative study points to their teaching methodology. Aquinas put forward two types of revelation theology and natural theology, with two epistemological systems based on revelation and reason. He in his book »Summa Theology«, which were solely monotheistic and inward-looking in theology, has advocated philosophical analysis of theological issues in addition to citing sacred texts and church works. Khawaja also in his book » Tajrid al-I‘tiqad« used a combination of rational and rational methods in the abstraction of belief. Khawaja Nasir’s Kalām in the circle of rational school with the Mu’tazilite discourse (Baghdad) falls into contention; therefore, Khawaja’s intellectual school is a rational school with Peripatetic discourse whose emphasis is on the application of Intellectual Arguments in proving religious teachings. Referring to their theological method, this essay, with a detailed analytical look, expresses the ways in which Thomas and differentiate. Adopting a moderation is one of the ways in which they share. Aquinas is in the midst of the extremist quote of the Tertullian and the extremist Latin Averroism, and the eunuch, too, passes away from Al-Shaykh al-Saduq, from the extreme damage of some Mu’tazilites and the overwhelming perceptions of the Shaykhi School. The result of applying the moderate method of these two kinds of theology is the rigorous application of Intellectual Arguments; and appealing to the “text- preference” rather than “sticking to the text”. However, through this comparison and considering the criterion of methodological similarities, it can be said that the moderate method of the two is more, effective, beneficial and liable than the authoritarian methods.