Shia and the issue of reciting the Qur’an in the age of presence

This study tries to report and study the encounter of Shiites during the presence of Imams with the subject of recitation and how to read the text of the Holy Quran. History testifies that from the first century to the middle of the third century AH, there were numerous readings in the Islamic world. Given that the Shiites have differed greatly from the non-Shiite majority in various political, theological, jurisprudential, interpretive, and hadith aspects, the question can be seriously raised as to what the Shiites faced in the age of presence in the face of multiple readings. Because the Shiites, especially from the second century onwards, have been subordinate to the Imams in the various dimensions mentioned above, and this has been achieved directly or through obedience to their companions. This study tries to find the Shiites’ confrontation with the issue of reciting the Qur’an through the positions and speeches of the Imams and their companions and historical reports. The result of this research, based on the narrations narrated from the infallible Imams and some historical reports and their analysis, is that the order of the Imams and their emphasis on the common and conventional recitation among the general public of the Islamic Ummah. This is accompanied by the imams’ accreditation to the famous readings of that time, including the weekly, tens, and fourteen readings, and others that were characteristic of the general public.

Leading research to understand the Shiite community’s encounter with the subject of reciting the Qur’an conducted a study of the positions and sayings of the Imams, their companions and the Shiites in general on this issue. It was from here that Shi’ism became necessary among the villagers and tried to identify their origin and type of Shiism through the accumulation of evidence. The result was that a number of famous readers in the era of the presence of Imams, who were sometimes influential in hadith, jurisprudence, Arabic literature and writings in the field of recitation in the Islamic world, were Shiites or at the same time were special companions of Shiite Imams. For example, Asim, Abu Amr, Hamza, Kasa’i, A’mash and Aban Ibn Tughlab are among the famous reciters, four of whom are reciters from Sab’a and the fifth from the reciters of Arba’a al-Ashar and Aban from Kabar Ashab al-Sadiqin and at the same time a great reciter and all Shiites. There are different meanings of the word. This study has also examined the most important areas of Shiite gathering such as the cities of Kufa, Qom, Baghdad and the common and conventional readings among them in the era of the presence of the Imams. The result of examining the narrations and reports of the readings attributed to the Ahl al-Bayt was that it included more interpretive allusions than differences of readings. From the study of the total number of words in the Qur’an, which is about 78,000 words, in ten popular readings, 1996 words, that is, about 2.56%, there is a difference in Qur’anic readings, which is mainly related to dialectal differences and verbal and visual differences. This shows that the issue of differences in reading is not such a challenge that some Orientalists use it as a pretext to attack the authenticity of the text of the Qur’an.

 This research has tried to find the answers to the main and secondary questions with an interdisciplinary approach of Quranic sciences and Shiite studies and in a descriptive-analytical method. The initiative of this research is to use the achievements of the predecessors to find the Shiites’ confrontation with the focus on the role of the classes of the villagers, especially the Shiite villagers, the companions of the Imams, and to research and separate their Shiite types and identify the general Shiite recitation in the most important Shiite geographical areas. Reveal.