The Authority and Responsibilities of the Prime Minister in the Iraqi and Lebanese Constitution After 2005, a Comparative Study

The study dealt with the issue of the limits of the Speaker of the Council of Ministers and responsibility within the framework of the State of Iraq and Lebanon, as it is one of the important topics, especially in the resources of their applicability to the articles of the constitution of the two countries, as the position of Speaker of the Council of Ministers faced many challenges in the two countries, especially within the limits of the authority of this position, as well as the speech in Responsibility before Parliament, and also the presentation of the most important obstacles facing the authority of the Speaker of the Council of Ministers, and at the level of practical reality we note its deficiency and the incompleteness of the powers of this authority, as some of the powers that are supposed to be to the Speaker of the Council of Ministers overlapped and were given to the President of the Republic, which is not one of his competencies in the democratic parliamentary political systems, Which made these two political systems distorted and does not apply to them because they are parliamentary systems, as it is known in democratic parliamentary systems that the authority is for the Speaker of the Council of Ministers, who is responsible for implementing laws and managing the public policy of the state. to address them, so we assume solutions in amending some constitutional articles, so that matters will be restored, At the same time, all other authorities limit the infringement of the dimensions of this this authority powers, especially with regard to the President of the Republic, who is the guardian of the security, unity and safety of the country, and in some of the powers that make him a protocol figure that does not have a central position, and therefore the research seeks to present the reality of the authority of the President of the Council Ministers and their responsibilities in the Iraqi constitution in force for the year 2005 and the Lebanese constitution in force for the year 1990, highlighting the similarities and differences in the authority and responsibility of the Speaker of the Council of Ministers in the reality of the constitutions of Iraq and Lebanon, And at the level of practical reality by presenting applied models of internal and external factors that affect the authority of the Speaker of the Council of Ministers in Iraq as well as in Lebanon, where it is noted that the responsibility under discussion does not exceed in a number of its resources being just words on paper, there is no place for responsibility in practical reality, and we find one applied model for the trial of the Speaker of the Council of Ministers or one of his ministers, and even if he is present, he is shy and does not rise to the trust and loyalty to the constitution and the country. Actively enriching the legal arena with information that will raise legal awareness and connect the dots to move the ruling regime in Iraq and Lebanon forward to achieve systemic and social stability rule of the ruling regime, so that this research will address the most prominent mistakes committed due to the exceptional circumstances of these two countries.