Job Challenges of Women Judges in the Iranian Judiciary and Ways to Get Out of It (Case Study: Tehran Judiciary)

There are different views and opinions on the issue of women’s judgment. According to Iranian law, which is derived from the famous jurisprudential fatwa, the condition of being a man is considered for a judge who has the duty of issuing and drafting a court ruling. In the religion of Islam, one of the necessary conditions for judging is ijtihad, which due to the current situation of society and the lack of a sufficient number of mujtahid judges or the unwillingness of mujtahids to judge, the Islamic society of Iran deviates from this necessary condition. There are also differences between the opinions of the experts regarding the condition of the judge’s masculinity, and in the forthcoming thesis, a passing hint is made to their different opinions. There are currently more than a thousand female judges in the judiciary; But judgments and rulings on women have not been accepted, which has posed challenges for women judges. In the present thesis, by conducting in-depth interviews with a number of female judges, their job challenges are mentioned related to the client in criminal proceedings, the implementation of women’s judicial orders to judicial and administrative colleagues, and the obstacles to women’s promotion and access to Some judicial positions are identified in the judiciary and efforts have been made to use women’s knowledge, science and experience in order to develop and strengthen the country’s judiciary by providing suggestions and executive solutions in order to overcome the mentioned challenges.