The intellectual status of Kufa school in Shia according to the causes

The Kufa Theological Seminary, after the Medina Theological Seminary and before the Baghdad Theological Seminary, is an important period in the history of Shiite theology. The golden age of the growth of Imami theology was in this school. The gathering of theologians, narrators and the formation of sects in this city paved the way for the production of science and the exchange of ideas for and against. The Imamiyya theology was able to resurrect some of the theological issues and move forward with the Mu’tazilites and overtake the Mu’tazilites in entering some issues. Several important factors can be mentioned for the formation of the Kufa school: the geographical factor or the proximity to the city of Hira; The human factor or the community of Imami theologians and narrators; The cultural factor or the diverse cultural atmosphere that governs the city of Kufa. Regarding the geographical factor, it should be said that the existence of Kufa in Mesopotamia and next to the historical and cultural region of Hira, paved the way for the growth of this school; Because in Hirah, different beliefs were prevalent and people of different religions were present in it. Regarding the human factor, it should be noted that the community of Imami theologians such as Hisham Ibn Hakam, Mo’men Al-Taq, Zararah and Hisham Ibn Salem, the special view of Shiite Imams Theological and intellectual issues, as well as the spread of rational teachings by the Imams, led to the flourishing of the Kufa school. After its heyday, Kufa also left lasting effects on the two schools of Qom and Baghdad, which can be traced in the surviving works of these two schools. In general, by explaining the above factors, it is concluded that the theological school of Kufa in the formation and expansion of theology Imamiyya played a key role and was able to become a roadmap for other theological schools after him at the beginning of the development of this science.Keywords: Kufa Theological School, The First Imami Theologians, The First Mu’tazilite Theologians, Hirah, Kufa