The impact of the Alawite revolutions on al-Ma’mun’s choice of Imam al-Rida, peace be upon him, for the mandate of the covenant

The researcher aims, with his thesis entitled “The Impact of the Alawi revolutions on Al-Ma’mun’s choice of Imam Al-Rida, peace be upon him, for the mandate of the covenant”, to reveal the actual and real reasons that prompted the Abbasid Caliph Al-Ma’mun to impose the mandate of the Covenant on Imam Al-Reza, peace be upon him, and to reveal the falsehood of his claim in returning the caliphate to the family of Ali, peace be upon him. And revealing the personality of the Caliph al-Ma’mun, who was known for his civility, cleverness, and policy, as the Alawite revolutions that broke out against the Abbasid rule increased from the time of Abu Jaafar al-Mansur to the period of al-Ma’mun’s rule, and historians have counted them as nearly thirty revolutions in all regions.

In his study, the researcher adopted the descriptive and analytical approach to the historical facts surrounding the subject, referring to reading about the role of the Alawite revolutions at the time, and researching the political conditions in which al-Ma’mun was living and the struggle for power after the killing of al-Amin and the condition of the Abbasid court in that period, thus revealing the role of these The revolutions in pushing Al-Ma’mun to assign the mandate of the Covenant to Imam Al-Rida, peace be upon him.

The importance of the research lies in its handling of the issue of the impact of the Alawi revolutions on the choice of al-Ma’mun to take over Imam al-Rida for the mandate of the covenant, as he was subjected to many controversies and contradictions in opinions between loyalists and opponents of the Ahl al-Bayt.

 The researcher reached a set of conclusions, including:

1- The Alawite revolutions during the reign of al-Ma’mun and before him the era of Harun al-Rashid had an influential role in the decision to assign guardianship to Imam al-Rida, peace be upon him.

2- The political circumstances formed a motive for the Caliph al-Ma’mun at the beginning of his confrontation with the rule, to assign the mandate of the covenant to the Imam to curb the hypothetical reaction of the Alawites and the Abbasids.

3- The opinion of Imam al-Rida regarding this incident was clear to reveal the false claim of loyalty to the family of Ali, peace be upon him.

4- That the mandate of the covenant was nothing but a political game through which al-Ma’mun tried to discipline and tame his Abbasid cousins ​​in his fight with his brother al-Amin on the one hand, and put out the fires of the many Alawite revolutions that took cities and cities out with them from under al-Ma’mun’s authority.

5- The Caliph al-Mamun was able to deceive many Muslims by making himself a lovable and dignified figure who bestows power to those who are better than her.

The researcher recommends the importance of historical research on the actual facts of the reality of the Ahl al-Bayt in the different historical eras, especially since the Umayyads and the Abbasids have contributed to the falsification of historical facts.