Political Theory in the Qur’an Analytical study of ethical principles

The Holy Qur’an draws the principles of life, including the face of the earth, including its vastness, and the longevity of time, as it extended; Therefore, researchers stop studying it to interrogate it in order to find solid foundations and satisfactory answers to the developments facing human society in various aspects. Political theory and its ethical principles are one of those issues in which studies have abounded in various schools of thought. Specialists in Qur’anic studies stated that the Holy Qur’an contained the best political theory; Because it governs the administration of the state and its institutions, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it has goals that must be pursued, and moral principles that must be observed; As it draws the general lines of that theory. Therefore, the importance of this research stems from the importance of the theses it deals with regarding the ethical principles that are included in the political theory in the Holy Qur’an. It also aims to show the extent of the Holy Qur’an’s interest in moral principles, whether they are basic or subsidiary ones. The research concludes that political justice is: a tool that regulates the relationship of the ruler with the ruled, and determines the rights of each over the other. And that pride is a component of the political identity of the individual and society, in addition to its components of the base of external relations. As for it is a component of the political identity of the individual and society, the Holy Qur’an shows that the goal of the individual in political behavior is to obtain honor, preserve it, and develop it. Preserving honor in it indicates the lofty and superiority of Islamic teachings, and consequently the superiority of Islamic societies.