Textual Criteria in the Abi al-Fadhl Baha’ al-din Azdi’s Diwan (Baha’ al-din Zuhair) (581 AH-656 AH) Linguistic research

The aim of the researcher in his research, entitled “Textual criteria in the Diwan of Abi al-Fadhl Baha’ al-din Azdi, linguistic research” is to explain the roots and cognitive foundations of the textual criteria in the poetry of Abi al-Fadhl Azdi at the critical and rhetorical level. Although the West has used these principles in the research of its scholars, who deal with the science of the language of the text, without diminishing or ignoring their efforts, this science has never been one of the achievements of their intellect and creativity, as much as it is rooted in the Arab heritage and the idea of Arab civilization. They tried to develop a new method of studying language as textual study, which aims to help the understanding of the components of the text, once it has been separated from the textual context. In this research, the researcher intends to reveal the linguistic value and implications of Azdi’s Diwan based on textual criteria. In his study, in order to identify the degree of grammatical and rhetorical dependence in the phenomena of poetic texts, he has used the descriptive-analytical-historical method and achieved the following set of results, Realizing the consistency of the text at its grammatical, lexical, and phonetic levels, including citation, abbreviations, relevance, substitution, density, repetition, coherence, rhyme, and puns. The multiplicity of terms in the criteria of poetic texts in Azdi’s Diwan, especially since the poet wanted to have the sermon, guidance, presentation of knowledge, wisdom, and different purposes in his text. What Western scholars have presented in the science of the text is a continuation of what the scholars of Arabic rhetoric and syntax and interpretation have presented in the science of text study. The poet’s influence from other texts and intertextuality that can be seen in his poetry, shows the great scientific and intellectual level that is saved in the poet’s mind and memory. It also shows his diverse cultural heritage. In particular, the poet’s influence derives primarily from the Holy Qur’an, proverbs, wisdoms, noble hadiths, poetry, and scientific and artistic terms. The researcher emphasizes and recommends the necessity and importance of conducting similar studies for scientists and poets and their literary and poetic works from different periods (contemporary and ancient historical periods).