Civil Responsibility of Government Employees in Iraqi Law and Islamic Law

Islamic Sharia and man-made laws set a precise methodology to control and regulate the behavior of individuals in general within the group, and within the scope of the comprehensiveness that characterizes Islamic Sharia, we find that it was concerned with the public job and its workers, and considered it a responsibility and trust to serve the citizen and society, governed and directed by religious values from the beginning; Therefore, we find that the noble Islamic Sharia was keen to establish legal standards and rules governing the morals and ethics of the public office, as the idea of the job in Islam is based on a religious duty, and that job was not granted to those who asked it, but it was granted to those who deserve it and take into account its duties. On the face of obligation, and it is known that the public servant is one of the members of the Muslim community, and he abides by what everyone is obligated to, but since he has the capacity to take charge of a matter of the general Muslims affairs, he has duties that exceed the duties of individual Muslims, and these duties are evident in the texts of the Noble Qur’an And the honorable Sunnah, and on the other hand, we find that the legislation organizing the civil service in contemporary countries is keen, and one of the most important findings of the study is that the public job in most Iraqi legislation and comparison is a national assignment and a social service that targets the public interest and the service of citizens in the light of the legal rules in force, where it is necessary The employee must abide by a set of tasks and duties required by the public position, or which are an integral part of its requirements, and whatever these tasks and duties and the method of their identification and formulation E – Whether it is to do or abstain from a certain action, and one of the most important recommendations to the Iraqi legislator is to pay attention to equality among all state employees in public rights and duties, in accordance with the relevant provisions of Islamic Sharia, which emphasize equality and the principle of equal opportunities.