The legal Regulation of Minority Representation in Electoral Laws A comparative study between Iraq, Jordan and Egypt

The Issue Of Minorities Is One Of The Issues That Has Stirred Up The Conscience Of Humanity Over The Past Years Because Of The Sensitivity Of This Issue At The International And National Levels And Its Direct Impact On The Stability Of Countries That Embrace Minorities On Their Soil And Its Impact On The Rest Of The World.

    It Has Become Imperative For The International Community To Search For Means That Provide Protection For Minorities And Contribute To Enabling Them To Obtain Their Civil, Political, Economic, Social And Cultural Rights, And Since Political Representation Is One Of The Most Important Political Rights, The United Nations And Its Related Bodies Have Issued International Instruments And Charters Calling For The Empowerment Of Minorities. They Have The Right To Political Representation And The Necessity Of Their Participation In The Electoral Process, Which Opens The Door For Minorities To Be Present In Legislative Councils To Represent Their Compatriots Before The Authority.

   Since Electoral Laws Are One Of The Most Important Ordinary Laws Issued By The Legislative Authority, As It Is Closely Related To The Political System Of The State And Is Related To The System Of Governance In It, Therefore, In Issuing Electoral Laws, It Must Be Taken Into Account That They Do Not Contradict The Constitution, As It Is Considered The Supreme Document, In Addition To The Necessity Of Taking Into Account That Legislation Does Not Violate The Provisions Of Islam .

     Therefore, In This Study, We Tried To Answer The Main Research Question, Which Is: What Is The Constitutional Organization For The Representation Of Minorities In The Electoral Laws In Iraq, Jordan And Egypt? We Have Also Followed The Comparative Analytical Research Methodology, Which Is The Basis For Writing Legal Studies Of A Constitutional Nature, And We Have Shed Light On The State Of Minority Representation In Iraq And The Comparison Countries, Namely Jordan And Egypt, Which Share A Common Factor Among Themselves, Which Is The Presence Of Minorities In These Countries And They Have Political Representation In Their Councils Legislative

   In This Study, We Concluded That National Constitutions And Legislation Should Contain Constitutional Texts And Legal Articles That Affirm The Right Of Minorities To Political Participation And The Need To Find Legal Means And Methods That Encourage Minority Members And Enable Them To Participate In Elections And Contribute To Their Access To Legislative Councils, As This Procedure Represents One Of The Most Important Factors Of Stability In Countries That Embrace Minorities On Their Territory.