Provisions of the Penalty for Espionage in Sharia and Iraqi Law

After explaining the provisions of espionage in sharia and law, he realized that espionage depends on a network of spies sent by governments and other groups to gather information in enemy lands, because spies seek to obtain Important military information is political, scientific and fruitful. People spy for their country or for a specific purpose, and some may be forced to spy against their will and then identify the work of the spies, usually in the organizations through which they receive orders to send specific information. Governments in espionage, as there are now many ways, including the use of spy planes and satellites, and this process leads to knowledge that benefits political and military leaders in foreign and defense policy and aims to protect the government. And its intelligence services are against espionage. The enemy forces of the counter-espionage organization seek to prevent the theft of confidential information and detect the presence of spies in the organizations. Such an agency works to detect and apprehend hostile spies. Although anti-espionage has a long history, it has been in the spotlight. The method used in this research is inductive method and comparative analysis. I also guessed the Shari’ah rulings in this regard by referring to the main sources and references of each sect and the balance of human laws and attributing the noble hadiths to the main sources. . It seeks to refer to it correctly by stating the pattern of human behavior that has existed since ancient times. It is an attempt to learn the secrets of others, this behavior is intensifying and spreading, and its methods and tools have recently developed scientifically. Extensive technical, non-compliance with legal and regulatory laws and what leads to espionage leads to negative consequences whether religious, legal, social or human on the individual or individuals.