“Studding of Bahrain and Al-Hasa Shiites from the fall of the Abbasids until the fall of the Ottomans”

Shiites have encountered many difficulties because of lacking authority throughout the history and some of them have migrated so that they could exist. Bahrain was accommodation of both Shiite expatriates and residents until ninth century of hegira. Therefore it is important to study of the Shiite situation in Bahrain. At fir.  Shiites faced many incidents as for the dominant atmosphere of Shiite, but they could gradually strengthen their authority and dominate the area by the Ayounies and continued by the Asfouries, Jazvani and Bani Maalem. This dominance remained by Bani Jabour governance, a Maleki State, until the rule of Portugal. After   By entrance of Ottoman Empire to Al-Hasa, it was separated from the island of Bahrain and gradually the governance of Shiites weakened and it resulted in unpleasant experiences for Shiites. In this thesis, the political, economical and cultural situations of Shiites of Bahrain and Al-Hasa in three parts including old Bahrain, the Islands of Bahrain and Al-Hasa area has been studied.