Jewish Ethical Trends in the Modern Period with Emphasis on Musar Movement

Ethics is the transcendental conception among all religions and it can be said that all have stressed out some kind of the ethical life. In the meantime, also Judaism, according to their scriptures, has not been neglect to the ethics. Ethics are important to the Jews, to the extent that they have launched the movements of it to attract people. One of these movements is known as the Musar that although have the incidence in the 19th century but is still alive and active. In the Jewish religion, ethics is mentioned as Musar that covers any ethical texts. In the modern era, a person named Israel Salanter founded an ethical movement as Musar movement and had a special emphasis on reforming the self-practical ethics. After Salanter, his disciples took over the leadership of the movement, and each in turn accomplished their tasks by writing books and conducting classes. However, during World Wars, especially World War II, the movement declined, but at the present times somebody like Ira F. Stone and Alan Morinis  revived this movement. This thesis has presented the Musar movement in detail and has expressed its impact on the Jewish ethics.