The Position of Calligraphy in the Transcription of Sacred and Valid Texts in Judaism & Islam

The calligraphy of sacred and valid texts is one of those arts that have managed to find a way into the religions of Judaism and Islam, turning into a new medium of connection between man and sacred issues in absence of painting and sculpture. Jewish and Muslim calligraphers have attempted to express some aspects of hidden miracles within divine words through showing compatible beauty of letters to their audience. To do so, Hebrew and Arabic handwritings were chosen to be used in calligraphy due to their deep historical relation with each other to present and increase the validity of sacred texts before the eyes of the believers.  Of course, the high regard for calligraphy by these sacred texts has itself been effective in the transition of calligraphy from a mere branch of art to a sacred one. Also high affection of the calligraphers towards the sacred texts of Turah and Quran encouraged them to do their best to transcribe them as neatly as possible.  Divine geometry incorporated the art of calligraphy with beauty, harmony and compatibility to their best, creating a symbolic art that narrates the mystical attitude of a pious artist towards the sacred texts. Based on this attitude calligraphy could be considered as a type of exegesis of sacred texts according to the artist^, s spiritual revelation from the divine world. Furthermore, Jewish and Muslim artists employ a common set of methods, rules and procedures in their calligraphy to create their supreme works, trying to express some aspects of divine beauty through them. After all it could be claimed that no other visual art has been clear as calligraphy does in transmission of divinity and strengthening monotheism in Judaism and Islam.