Interaction between scholars and Ghajar government during Iran and Russia wars

The Shi’a scholars, as the general deputies of the infallible Imams (PBUT) in the absence era, are responsible for the leadership and Guidance of the Shi’a society and therefore in accordance with their abilities and potentialities have been influential in the socio-political affairs. One of the serious discussions in the Shia jurisprudence is how to encounter with the tyrant governors. The basic question of this research is to examine how the Shia scholars interacted with Qajar Government in two wars between Iran and Russia. In this research, with an analytic-descriptive method, first it discussed the history of scholars’ interaction with governments especially after the Safavid arising and recognition of the Shia as the formal denomination and naturally highlighting the role of ‘Ulama in all aspects of the society. Then it centered in more detail in the issue of Iran and Russia wars, various aspects of war occurrence and the way the government encountered with. One can introduce the wars between Iran and Russia as one of the turning point for the ‘Ulama role in the Iranian socio-political events. It was in these wars that the Kings for the first time resorted to ‘Ulama to resist against enemies, and the ‘Ulama presence and their Fatawa are one the undeniable facts of the Russo-Iranian wars events that had much impact on the people resistance against the Russia attack and expelling the aggressors of the occupied territories. Nevertheless, finally several inner and outer factors brought about the defeat of Iran against the Russians and imposing of the Torkamanchai and Golestan covenants.