“A Comparison of the Reports of Sectologists in the 4th Century about the Shiite Sects (Shiite and Sunni Sectologists)”

The roots of sectarianism and the differences arising from its divisions must be understood from the time that, despite the fact that the Prophet (pbuh) stated in the great incident of Ghadir and even clear explanations before the incident, Muslims were dispersed over the issue of Imamate and leadership of society. Since then, some political and social events and the considerations of some elders and politicians have emerged cults among Muslims. Perhaps the most famous of these works was written by the end of the fourth century. Historians at different times, according to their religion, tried to prove sectarianism as the main denomination, and to criticize other sects, or sometimes to reject them. Historically, Shiite and Sunni sectarian historians have tried to report different sects in their history, and have left many different stories in this regard. Throughout history, historians of Shi’ite and Sunni sectology have been trying to report different sects, and have left many different stories in this regard. They refer to topics such as the characteristics of the leader in these books. They referred to topics such as the characteristics and examples of the leader, the position of leaders and leaders, theological issues such as the power of God, the discussion of resurrection and the Qur’an, the means of understanding the intellect, the attributes of God, etc. from the perspective of sects and religions. Although the lack of proper understanding of the definition of the cult and some conflicts and rivalries among some sects, even in Shiite groups, increased the number of sects and each writer has tried to organize their own reports based on their sentimental assumptions and expectations, But, due to the collection of ideas in their books, they cannot be ignored of the value of their work. The present thesis attempted to introduce perspectives of Nations and Nahl on cult until the fourth century and compare their work and defects in their work.