“An Investigation into the Arguments of the Deniers of Mental Existence (Molla Rajabali Tabrizi and Aliquli Qarachaghye Khan) and its Advocates (Mirdamad and Mulla Sadra)”

The question of mental existence is one of the issues addressed in Islamic philosophy. Ibn Sina started this tradition by later developing it with philosophers such as Nasir al-Din Tusi, Mirdamad, Mulla Sadra, Mulla Hadi Sabzevari and Allameh Tabatabai. There has always been opposition in the mind of Islamic philosophy. Among these opponents are Mulla Rajabali Tabrizi and Aliqoli. Tabrizi denies the existence of a mental being due to problems such as the great restraint of the minor and considers this theory to be absurd. Qarachaghye Khan is also one of those who rejects the prevailing notion of subjective existence and believes in some form of ghost theory. Mirdamad and his student are positive of mental existence, but the arguments they put forth to prove mental existence are different. Of the thinkers we have mentioned, Mulla Sadra is the only one who has been seriously involved in the proofs and drawbacks of subjective existence and distinguished it from science. The question of mental existence has always had some drawbacks. The most famous of these forms is to place the mental face under two distinct categories. According to the answers to these forms, various schools of thought have emerged. Among these thinkers, there is only one Mulla Sadra who deals with and responds to these schools. Sadra has solved this problem, in light of the common and first-rate separation he learned from his master Mirdamad.