The study of theoretical foundations of Akhbaries, with emphasis on Muhammad Amin Astarabadi(AH 1036) and Mirza Muhammad Akhbari(AH 1232)

The term Traditionalist /Akhbari was known among the Muslims from the first centuries AD; it, however, was previously applied for all Shitte traditionalists in the 6^th and 7^th centuries. This school was founded by M. A. Astarabadi and his followers. The most appropriate way to open a description of the expansion of Akhbari school doctrines is to address those scholars who, according to what has been reported, have been trained in the light of this school. The first period of Akhbari school can be followed through students of Muhammad Amin al-Astarabadi who spread Akhbarism (Traditionalism). Later on, the students of these students travelled more widely across the Shia world expanding Akhbarism, such that the doctrines of Akhbari school turned into common discussions of Shia Fihq in the late 11^th century. Feyz Kashani, Shaykh Hurr Ameli and Yusef Buhrani are among the most notable Akhbari scholars whose effort helped further expand Akhbarism in the Shiite foundation turning this school into an official intellectual thought for 150 years. The existence of divine judgment on anything, the validity of all four books of accounts, necessity of achieving certainty through Ahl-e Bayt (AS), invalidity of a cleric’s suspicion, lack of authority of appearances of words, lack of credibility of inference of theoretical precepts of  Quran are some of the views of the Akhbari school. Mirza Muhammad al-Akhbari was the last significant Akhbari scholar whose argument with Usuli scholars is of high importance. In the meantime, the intellectual foundations of Akhbari scholars are common; some intellectual differences, however, are apparent among various scholars of this school. In many cases, the views are consistent with founder of Akhbarism, while in some other cases, various views are dominant among their works. Among them is dominance of diverse views on wisdom, beauty and ugliness, ijtihad and taqlid, etc.