Analysis and comparison of the doctrine of salvation from the perspective of Ibn Taymiyyah and Mulla Sadra

Salvation from torment has always been one of the concerns of various thinkers. The study of salvation from the point of view of Ibn Taymiyyah and Mulla Sadra with two intellectual and narrative approaches is exploration in this chapter. Ibn Taymiyyah has dealt with the issue of salvation only through the lens of narration and jurisprudence. According to him, the most important factors of salvation are faith and righteous deeds within the framework of religion. The circle he drew for the saved man according to the factors of salvation can be presented in two ways. One includes only the followers of Islam and does not consider the followers of other religions to be subject to salvation, which proves Ibn Taymiyyah’s exclusivity in the discussion of legitimacy and salvation. But in another form, according to what he has said about infidelity, heresy and polytheism, the circle of salvation will not even include all Muslims and includes only the Salafi sect, which according to Ibn Taymiyyah’s theory of salvation will be sectarian exclusivism. This interpretation of Ibn Taymiyyah’s thoughts is something that is used by the Takfiri Salafis today. Compared to Ibn Taymiyyah, Mulla Sadra has drawn the circle of salvation based on knowledge and the perfection of theoretical reason and relying on narrated evidences. He based his knowledge on the principle; Faith, righteous deeds and morality are involved in salvation in such a way that not only all Muslims but also non-Muslims are in the circle of salvation. He has considered all human beings to have a degree of salvation by raising issues such as the temporary torment of sinners, being incapable, the impossibility of forced movement, mercy and divine wisdom. Of course, this does not mean that Mulla Sadra is pluralistic. He places great emphasis on the legitimacy and perfection of Islamic teachings in order to reach the highest levels of true salvation. . This view, while preserving the legitimacy of the religion of Islam and avoiding skepticism and relativity, does not enclose the circle of salvation and salvation, which is the solution to many challenges facing the Islamic and world community in the issue of salvation.