Analysis and examination of the doubts of the two schools of rationalism and narration of the Sunnis regarding the specific Shiite beliefs and teachings (Bada ‘, Raj’at, Khums, Mut’a)

The present study is an analysis and analysis of doubts about Shiite beliefs and teachings that have been raised by various theological schools. Bada ‘, raj’at, khums and mut’ah in the field of theological and jurisprudential epistemology are among these cases. Regarding Bada, it should be said that Shiite thought is directly taken from the Qur’anic teachings and narrations of the Holy Prophet and the Infallibles, and not only does it not lead to remorse and ignorance of God, but it is also a firm belief in divine knowledge and power. Regression is another Shiite Qur’anic and narrative teaching that is not only reincarnation but also the attainment of eternal divine power, which, by observing the resurrection of man in this world, leaves no trace for the resurrection of man in the hereafter. Khums is also one of the teachings of Shiite jurisprudence that there are many Quranic texts and narrations to prove it. According to the texts, in addition to the spoils of war, the interest from income and trade, if one-fifth of that property is paid, according to the Shari’a, it can be confiscated and it becomes lawful according to the Shari’a. Mut’ah is also discussed in detail in the teachings of the Qur’an and narration, and it is proven that it was practiced in the time of the Holy Prophet and the Imams of the Infallibles (peace be upon them), and Qur’anic, narration and rational arguments have also been established on it. In this research, an attempt has been made to extract the critical views of rationalists and narrators on the four mentioned issues according to their critiques from the first-hand sources of the mentioned schools. Then, with the evidence presented by presenting historical periods and with the help of narrative and rational arguments, the opinion of the Shiite theological school of jurisprudence has been proposed as a correct opinion. It is necessary to say that in this research, due to the non-repetition of the discussions presented by thinkers on these issues, an attempt has been made to use the method of historical periods, especially in the beginning and return, which does not cause repetition and raises various aspects of the discussions.