The position of man in the system of existence from the perspective of lbn Taymiyyah and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli

The issue of man’s status (human position) in the system of being is one of the fundamental aspects of human thinking and it is clear that the kind of look at this issue will shape human behauiors. Considering the expansion of salafism’s thinking in the present era and its confronting with Shiite thinking, it is necessary to examine the difference between these two views in the form of looking at the position of man in the universe. Therefore, the aim of present study is to a chieve this with a descriptive – analytical method and examining lbn taymiyyah view as one of the most prominent figures of Salafism and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli as one of the most prominent Shiite theorists in the anthropological discussion. Both of them Consider human beings consist of spirits and bodies, with the difference that the Ayatollah Javadi  Considers the body to be related to the world of matter and Soul to the world of monotheism (divine world), but lbn Taymiyyah defines soul and body in the form of  material world. Ayatullah Javadi, using the intellect and revelation, sees man as the manifestation of God’s existence which will flourish in accordance to the practice of Sharia, in such a way that all the facts of the universe of existence will be activated as a perfect man. But considering that lbn Taymiyyah does not accept intellect (wisdom) as an independent epistemic source and in addition to referring to religious texts apear to be appealing to them, human is defined as a limited, material and Completely earthy that power does not any effect on the universe. Because of fundamental differences in two expressed views in relation to their looking to man, we are witness of their different behaviors in dealig with the type of human being. For example, since words such as value and dignity of human type in the lbn Taymiyyah intellectual system has no exact meaning, we see that he strongly flies to the behaviors such as resorting to Allah’s oliya , pilgrimage to the graves, intercession, … . In the eyes of shia, human beings are above the position of others and issues such as caliphate of Allah, the perfect man and provincial creation are in the same direction.