Analysis of evidence and legal foundations of religions in terms of Ihram from parallel Mvaqyt

Concerning the fundamentals of distinguishing the spots parallel to the mawāqīt (rendezvous points and times of the Mecca pilgrims), the recognition of geographical position of the parallel spots has caused for long troubles for the jurisprudents and the adherents to the Islamic denominations.Considering the fact that on the one hand the old uneven and rough paths and impracticable roads have been replaced today with modern developed roads and wide highways on which modern convenient vehicles move, and on the other hand many of the diversities in the legal opinions of the jurisprudents and scholars of different Muslim denominations include the various fundamentals distinguished by the jurisprudents and scholars, it is necessary in our modern time, to take the ever-increasing progresses into account and pay attention more than ever, to these changes so that we may benefit from the those who are expert in scientific rules and fundamentals to discover the spots parallel to the mawāqīt by means of longitude and latitude. Through this approach, we may put our achievements at the disposal of the great jurisprudents and authorities and face less diversity in the legal opinions of the jurisprudents. the question of the criterion and the fundamentals of distinguishing the spots parallel to the mawāqīt for iḥrām in hajj and ‘umrah from the legal perspective of the Muslim denominations is an issue that requires to be researched until an appropriate solution is achieved.The difference among Muslim jurisprudents in adopting different fundamentals and criteria in depicting the spots parallel to the mawāqīt was followed by the diversity in their fatwas in distinguishing the spots parallel to the mawāqīt. This is to the extent that the writer’s studies indicate seven fundamentals and criteria in this regard. Investigation of these opinions and criticizing and analyzing their evidences indicate that a combination of circular criteria and the wadis  can be the best and even the unique way to properly explain the spots parallel to the mawāqīt, of course with awareness of longitude and latitude and the guidance of the experts. With the aim of knowing the opinions and standpoints of the jurisprudents of different Musli denominations as well as the limits of fundamentals this research was done having properly explained the spots parallel to the mawāqīt. This accomplishment was obtained in the light of description and analysis of the jurisprudential propositions of the Muslim schools of law and collection of the library data. The fruit of it is the distinguishing of a sound and accurate criterion about the spots parallel to the mawāqīt furnished with explanations in the framework of certain geometric shapes and diagrams.