Analysis of the historical course of the peaceful coexistence of the Imams (AS) with the followers of other religions

The quality of the social behavior of the Imams (AS) with the followers of other religions during the 250-year presence of them (11-260 AH) is one of the most important issues in the field of biography. Discovering the truth of the biography of those nobles and knowing the truth is of special importance due to the growing need of Muslims for communication patterns. The social behavior of the Imams (AS) can be identified and examined through authentic narrations and evidences in historical documents, and examples of their peaceful coexistence with followers of other religions. Peaceful coexistence is a concept that can be combined with the concepts of security, fidelity to the covenant, unity and mercy, and with the concepts of division, insecurity, non-compliance, immorality and malice, incompatible and unbearable. Is plural. The issue of division among Muslims is a great challenge and it is necessary for Muslims to be aware of its harms and provide conditions for changing the current situation. The treatment of the Imams (as) with the followers of other religions, as a historical experience, can theoretically be a strategy to reduce divisions and strengthen peaceful coexistence among Muslims. The main question is how the biography of the Imams (AS) with the followers of other religions, in the political dimension in the face of the caliphs and political currents and in the cultural dimension, in relation to the jurisprudential-theological currents and in the social dimension, with the Sunnis. have been?
Throughout history, many scholars have studied the life of the Imams (as) with a jurisprudential, theological and moral approach and described and analyzed their biography; However, the coexistence of the Imams (AS) with the followers of other religions as a social biography in the course of the history of presence from a political, economic and cultural perspective, has been less studied. Traditions and reports indicate that the behavior of the Imams (AS) with the followers of other religions in relation to the first three caliphs, based on patience, peaceful and towards the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs for the conditions and interests of the Aqwa, emergency coexistence and current The jurisprudential and theological principles, while tolerating the opposite statement, have been a peaceful theory and have been a peaceful behavior towards the general public, while respecting them and respecting their dignity.
The tolerance of the Imams (as) in hearing the dissenting opinion has never meant giving up the right and knowing the truth of the other party’s promise or behavior; Rather, it is based on the practice of the Qur’an, the prophetic tradition, and the foundation of the wise, and they abstain from the person or movement that wisely caused corruption and oppression in religion and society, and their social efforts, on the one hand, increase knowledge and, on the other hand, Promoting prophetic morality helped reduce divisions. This historical research method collects reports and narrations related to the issue from reliable sources, and according to the cultural and political context of each historical period, those narrations and reports whose accuracy has evidence and consistency within the text. And the context is extra-textual and does not contradict the definite and explicit biography of the Imams (as) and the famous historians and narrators not only did not oppose them, but also cited them in their discussions and researches. Have been cited.