\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u06f2\u06f6 \u062f\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0\u0645 (\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u06f5 \u062f\u06cc \u06f1\u06f3\u06f0\u06f9\u0634) \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0648\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0634\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f5\u06f3 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n
\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f5\u06f7\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200e\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 (R. Strothmann) \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u067e\u0648\u0644\u0631 (B. Spuler) \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f5\u06f8-\u06f1\u06f9\u06f6\u06f0\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0628\u0647\u0634\u062a \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f7\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u00ab\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u00bb \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
<\/span>\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/fa.wikishia.net\/images\/a\/ad\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06f1\u06f6\u06f0 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u062a\u200e\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200e\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/h4>\n\n- \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f: \u0622\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200e\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f7\u06f5\u060c \u06f3\u06f1\u06f8 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647.<\/li>\n
- \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f7\u06f7\u060c \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647.<\/li>\n
- \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f(\u0635)\u061b \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f: \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0622\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h4>\n\n- \u00ab\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645. \u062f\u0631: \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f6\u06f2)\u060c \u0635 \u06f9\u06f3\u06f1.<\/li>\n
- \u00ab\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0641\u0650\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0628\u06cc\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc: \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af (Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung) (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc)\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f(\u0635) \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4323],"tags":[],"faculties":[54],"class_list":["post-38163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4323","faculties-54"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"faculties","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculties?post=38163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<\/p>\n
\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06f1\u06f6\u06f0 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u062a\u200e\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200e\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/h4>\n\n- \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f: \u0622\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200e\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f7\u06f5\u060c \u06f3\u06f1\u06f8 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647.<\/li>\n
- \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f7\u06f7\u060c \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647.<\/li>\n
- \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f(\u0635)\u061b \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f: \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0622\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h4>\n\n- \u00ab\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645. \u062f\u0631: \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f6\u06f2)\u060c \u0635 \u06f9\u06f3\u06f1.<\/li>\n
- \u00ab\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0641\u0650\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0628\u06cc\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc: \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af (Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung) (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc)\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f(\u0635) \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4323],"tags":[],"faculties":[54],"class_list":["post-38163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4323","faculties-54"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"faculties","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculties?post=38163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h4>\n\n- \u00ab\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645. \u062f\u0631: \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 (\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f6\u06f2)\u060c \u0635 \u06f9\u06f3\u06f1.<\/li>\n
- \u00ab\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0641\u0650\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0628\u06cc\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc: \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af (Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung) (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc)\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f(\u0635) \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4323],"tags":[],"faculties":[54],"class_list":["post-38163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4323","faculties-54"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"faculties","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculties?post=38163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u0628\u06cc\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc: \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af (Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung) (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc)\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f(\u0635) \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4323],"tags":[],"faculties":[54],"class_list":["post-38163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4323","faculties-54"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38163"},{"taxonomy":"faculties","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urd.ac.ir\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculties?post=38163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}